Axial spondyloarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis

Extract

• An integral feature of the disease is inflammation involving ligament insertion sites and facet joints of the spine as well as the sacroiliac (SI) joints.
• The condition often affects HLA-B27 positive individuals and belongs to the group of spondyloarthritides together with
  • reactive arthritides, e.g. enteroarthritis and uroarthritis Reactive arthritis1
  • enthesitis-related arthritis (ERA), a subgroup of juvenile idiopathic arthritis Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (juvenile rheumatoid arthritis)2
  • psoriatic arthritis Psoriatic arthritis3
  • arthritides associated with inflammatory bowel disease (enteroarthritides).
• Several of the above conditions may be encountered in members of the same family, and they may all lead to ankylosing spondylitis.
• The condition is termed ankylosing spondylitis when it has become chronic and no causative agent has been detected, unlike in reactive arthritis.
• Axial spondyloarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis are considered to be a continuum of the same disease, even if not all patients with axial spondyloarthritis end up having ankylosing spondylitis.

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Internal medicine, M45, M46.1, Muscle Rigidity, Physical medicine, Rheumatology, Schober's test, Spine, Spondylitis, Ankylosing, ankylosing spondylitis, axial spondyloarthritis, bony ankylosis, occipital-wall distance, sacroiliitis, spondylitis, spondyloarthritis, spondyloarthropathy